The effect of technical installations on evacuation performance in urban road tunnel fires

Tunnels are separated from the ground by structural linings, and enclosed unfamiliar for occupants. In tunnel fires, occupants faced with a dangerous environment they need to evacuate. Conveying obtaining information about evacuation is key issue evacuees. Since tunnels typically have low lighting little connection outside tunnel, technical installations only approach deliver in order guide their fast safe evacuation. This particularly an urban road large occupants’ flow underground space. The present study explores effect role of (alarms, signs, lighting) on people’s performance through field experiments, questionnaires interviews. Theory affordance (sensory affordance, cognitive functional affordance) taken into consideration provides integral evaluation installations. Technical useful helping notice emergency, finding exits guiding path, signs regarded as most powerful among those three. Besides, this experiment points out some side alarms ambiguity which will result serious consequence potentially. leads guidance improvement planning procedures tunnels.